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# http.tcl --
#
# Client-side HTTP for GET, POST, and HEAD commands.
# These routines can be used in untrusted code that uses
# the Safesock security policy. These procedures use a
# callback interface to avoid using vwait, which is not
# defined in the safe base.
#
# See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and
# redistribution of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
#
# RCS: @(#) $Id: http.tcl,v 1.43.2.4 2004/05/25 22:50:47 hobbs Exp $
# Rough version history:
# 1.0 Old http_get interface
# 2.0 http:: namespace and http::geturl
# 2.1 Added callbacks to handle arriving data, and timeouts
# 2.2 Added ability to fetch into a channel
# 2.3 Added SSL support, and ability to post from a channel
# This version also cleans up error cases and eliminates the
# "ioerror" status in favor of raising an error
# 2.4 Added -binary option to http::geturl and charset element
# to the state array.
package require Tcl 8.2
# keep this in sync with pkgIndex.tcl
# and with the install directories in Makefiles
package provide http 2.5.0
namespace eval http {
variable http
array set http {
-accept */*
-proxyhost {}
-proxyport {}
-proxyfilter http::ProxyRequired
-urlencoding utf-8
}
set http(-useragent) "Tcl http client package [package provide http]"
proc init {} {
variable formMap
variable alphanumeric a-zA-Z0-9
for {set i 0} {$i <= 256} {incr i} {
set c [format %c $i]
if {![string match \[$alphanumeric\] $c]} {
set formMap($c) %[format %.2x $i]
}
}
# These are handled specially
array set formMap { " " + \n %0d%0a }
}
init
variable urlTypes
array set urlTypes {
http {80 ::socket}
}
variable encodings [string tolower [encoding names]]
# This can be changed, but iso8859-1 is the RFC standard.
variable defaultCharset "iso8859-1"
namespace export geturl config reset wait formatQuery register unregister
# Useful, but not exported: data size status code
}
# http::register --
#
# See documentaion for details.
#
# Arguments:
# proto URL protocol prefix, e.g. https
# port Default port for protocol
# command Command to use to create socket
# Results:
# list of port and command that was registered.
proc http::register {proto port command} {
variable urlTypes
set urlTypes($proto) [list $port $command]
}
# http::unregister --
#
# Unregisters URL protocol handler
#
# Arguments:
# proto URL protocol prefix, e.g. https
# Results:
# list of port and command that was unregistered.
proc http::unregister {proto} {
variable urlTypes
if {![info exists urlTypes($proto)]} {
return -code error "unsupported url type \"$proto\""
}
set old $urlTypes($proto)
unset urlTypes($proto)
return $old
}
# http::config --
#
# See documentaion for details.
#
# Arguments:
# args Options parsed by the procedure.
# Results:
# TODO
proc http::config {args} {
variable http
set options [lsort [array names http -*]]
set usage [join $options ", "]
if {[llength $args] == 0} {
set result {}
foreach name $options {
lappend result $name $http($name)
}
return $result
}
set options [string map {- ""} $options]
set pat ^-([join $options |])$
if {[llength $args] == 1} {
set flag [lindex $args 0]
if {[regexp -- $pat $flag]} {
return $http($flag)
} else {
return -code error "Unknown option $flag, must be: $usage"
}
} else {
foreach {flag value} $args {
if {[regexp -- $pat $flag]} {
set http($flag) $value
} else {
return -code error "Unknown option $flag, must be: $usage"
}
}
}
}
# http::Finish --
#
# Clean up the socket and eval close time callbacks
#
# Arguments:
# token Connection token.
# errormsg (optional) If set, forces status to error.
# skipCB (optional) If set, don't call the -command callback. This
# is useful when geturl wants to throw an exception instead
# of calling the callback. That way, the same error isn't
# reported to two places.
#
# Side Effects:
# Closes the socket
proc http::Finish { token {errormsg ""} {skipCB 0}} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
global errorInfo errorCode
if {[string length $errormsg] != 0} {
set state(error) [list $errormsg $errorInfo $errorCode]
set state(status) error
}
catch {close $state(sock)}
catch {after cancel $state(after)}
if {[info exists state(-command)] && !$skipCB} {
if {[catch {eval $state(-command) {$token}} err]} {
if {[string length $errormsg] == 0} {
set state(error) [list $err $errorInfo $errorCode]
set state(status) error
}
}
if {[info exists state(-command)]} {
# Command callback may already have unset our state
unset state(-command)
}
}
}
# http::reset --
#
# See documentaion for details.
#
# Arguments:
# token Connection token.
# why Status info.
#
# Side Effects:
# See Finish
proc http::reset { token {why reset} } {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
set state(status) $why
catch {fileevent $state(sock) readable {}}
catch {fileevent $state(sock) writable {}}
Finish $token
if {[info exists state(error)]} {
set errorlist $state(error)
unset state
eval ::error $errorlist
}
}
# http::geturl --
#
# Establishes a connection to a remote url via http.
#
# Arguments:
# url The http URL to goget.
# args Option value pairs. Valid options include:
# -blocksize, -validate, -headers, -timeout
# Results:
# Returns a token for this connection.
# This token is the name of an array that the caller should
# unset to garbage collect the state.
proc http::geturl { url args } {
variable http
variable urlTypes
variable defaultCharset
# Initialize the state variable, an array. We'll return the
# name of this array as the token for the transaction.
if {![info exists http(uid)]} {
set http(uid) 0
}
set token [namespace current]::[incr http(uid)]
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
reset $token
# Process command options.
array set state {
-binary false
-blocksize 8192
-queryblocksize 8192
-validate 0
-headers {}
-timeout 0
-type application/x-www-form-urlencoded
-queryprogress {}
state header
meta {}
coding {}
currentsize 0
totalsize 0
querylength 0
queryoffset 0
type text/html
body {}
status ""
http ""
}
# These flags have their types verified [Bug 811170]
array set type {
-binary boolean
-blocksize integer
-queryblocksize integer
-validate boolean
-timeout integer
}
set state(charset) $defaultCharset
set options {-binary -blocksize -channel -command -handler -headers \
-progress -query -queryblocksize -querychannel -queryprogress\
-validate -timeout -type}
set usage [join $options ", "]
set options [string map {- ""} $options]
set pat ^-([join $options |])$
foreach {flag value} $args {
if {[regexp $pat $flag]} {
# Validate numbers
if {[info exists type($flag)] && \
![string is $type($flag) -strict $value]} {
unset $token
return -code error "Bad value for $flag ($value), must be $type($flag)"
}
set state($flag) $value
} else {
unset $token
return -code error "Unknown option $flag, can be: $usage"
}
}
# Make sure -query and -querychannel aren't both specified
set isQueryChannel [info exists state(-querychannel)]
set isQuery [info exists state(-query)]
if {$isQuery && $isQueryChannel} {
unset $token
return -code error "Can't combine -query and -querychannel options!"
}
# Validate URL, determine the server host and port, and check proxy case
# Recognize user:pass@host URLs also, although we do not do anything
# with that info yet.
set exp {^(([^:]*)://)?([^@]+@)?([^/:]+)(:([0-9]+))?(/.*)?$}
if {![regexp -nocase $exp $url x prefix proto user host y port srvurl]} {
unset $token
return -code error "Unsupported URL: $url"
}
if {[string length $proto] == 0} {
set proto http
set url ${proto}://$url
}
if {![info exists urlTypes($proto)]} {
unset $token
return -code error "Unsupported URL type \"$proto\""
}
set defport [lindex $urlTypes($proto) 0]
set defcmd [lindex $urlTypes($proto) 1]
if {[string length $port] == 0} {
set port $defport
}
if {[string length $srvurl] == 0} {
set srvurl /
}
if {[string length $proto] == 0} {
set url http://$url
}
set state(url) $url
if {![catch {$http(-proxyfilter) $host} proxy]} {
set phost [lindex $proxy 0]
set pport [lindex $proxy 1]
}
# If a timeout is specified we set up the after event
# and arrange for an asynchronous socket connection.
if {$state(-timeout) > 0} {
set state(after) [after $state(-timeout) \
[list http::reset $token timeout]]
set async -async
} else {
set async ""
}
# If we are using the proxy, we must pass in the full URL that
# includes the server name.
if {[info exists phost] && [string length $phost]} {
set srvurl $url
set conStat [catch {eval $defcmd $async {$phost $pport}} s]
} else {
set conStat [catch {eval $defcmd $async {$host $port}} s]
}
if {$conStat} {
# something went wrong while trying to establish the connection
# Clean up after events and such, but DON'T call the command callback
# (if available) because we're going to throw an exception from here
# instead.
Finish $token "" 1
cleanup $token
return -code error $s
}
set state(sock) $s
# Wait for the connection to complete
if {$state(-timeout) > 0} {
fileevent $s writable [list http::Connect $token]
http::wait $token
if {[string equal $state(status) "error"]} {
# something went wrong while trying to establish the connection
# Clean up after events and such, but DON'T call the command
# callback (if available) because we're going to throw an
# exception from here instead.
set err [lindex $state(error) 0]
cleanup $token
return -code error $err
} elseif {![string equal $state(status) "connect"]} {
# Likely to be connection timeout
return $token
}
set state(status) ""
}
# Send data in cr-lf format, but accept any line terminators
fconfigure $s -translation {auto crlf} -buffersize $state(-blocksize)
# The following is disallowed in safe interpreters, but the socket
# is already in non-blocking mode in that case.
catch {fconfigure $s -blocking off}
set how GET
if {$isQuery} {
set state(querylength) [string length $state(-query)]
if {$state(querylength) > 0} {
set how POST
set contDone 0
} else {
# there's no query data
unset state(-query)
set isQuery 0
}
} elseif {$state(-validate)} {
set how HEAD
} elseif {$isQueryChannel} {
set how POST
# The query channel must be blocking for the async Write to
# work properly.
fconfigure $state(-querychannel) -blocking 1 -translation binary
set contDone 0
}
if {[catch {
puts $s "$how $srvurl HTTP/1.0"
puts $s "Accept: $http(-accept)"
if {$port == $defport} {
# Don't add port in this case, to handle broken servers.
# [Bug #504508]
puts $s "Host: $host"
} else {
puts $s "Host: $host:$port"
}
puts $s "User-Agent: $http(-useragent)"
foreach {key value} $state(-headers) {
set value [string map [list \n "" \r ""] $value]
set key [string trim $key]
if {[string equal $key "Content-Length"]} {
set contDone 1
set state(querylength) $value
}
if {[string length $key]} {
puts $s "$key: $value"
}
}
if {$isQueryChannel && $state(querylength) == 0} {
# Try to determine size of data in channel
# If we cannot seek, the surrounding catch will trap us
set start [tell $state(-querychannel)]
seek $state(-querychannel) 0 end
set state(querylength) \
[expr {[tell $state(-querychannel)] - $start}]
seek $state(-querychannel) $start
}
# Flush the request header and set up the fileevent that will
# either push the POST data or read the response.
#
# fileevent note:
#
# It is possible to have both the read and write fileevents active
# at this point. The only scenario it seems to affect is a server
# that closes the connection without reading the POST data.
# (e.g., early versions TclHttpd in various error cases).
# Depending on the platform, the client may or may not be able to
# get the response from the server because of the error it will
# get trying to write the post data. Having both fileevents active
# changes the timing and the behavior, but no two platforms
# (among Solaris, Linux, and NT) behave the same, and none
# behave all that well in any case. Servers should always read thier
# POST data if they expect the client to read their response.
if {$isQuery || $isQueryChannel} {
puts $s "Content-Type: $state(-type)"
if {!$contDone} {
puts $s "Content-Length: $state(querylength)"
}
puts $s ""
fconfigure $s -translation {auto binary}
fileevent $s writable [list http::Write $token]
} else {
puts $s ""
flush $s
fileevent $s readable [list http::Event $token]
}
if {! [info exists state(-command)]} {
# geturl does EVERYTHING asynchronously, so if the user
# calls it synchronously, we just do a wait here.
wait $token
if {[string equal $state(status) "error"]} {
# Something went wrong, so throw the exception, and the
# enclosing catch will do cleanup.
return -code error [lindex $state(error) 0]
}
}
} err]} {
# The socket probably was never connected,
# or the connection dropped later.
# Clean up after events and such, but DON'T call the command callback
# (if available) because we're going to throw an exception from here
# instead.
# if state(status) is error, it means someone's already called Finish
# to do the above-described clean up.
if {[string equal $state(status) "error"]} {
Finish $token $err 1
}
cleanup $token
return -code error $err
}
return $token
}
# Data access functions:
# Data - the URL data
# Status - the transaction status: ok, reset, eof, timeout
# Code - the HTTP transaction code, e.g., 200
# Size - the size of the URL data
proc http::data {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
return $state(body)
}
proc http::status {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
return $state(status)
}
proc http::code {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
return $state(http)
}
proc http::ncode {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
if {[regexp {[0-9]{3}} $state(http) numeric_code]} {
return $numeric_code
} else {
return $state(http)
}
}
proc http::size {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
return $state(currentsize)
}
proc http::error {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
if {[info exists state(error)]} {
return $state(error)
}
return ""
}
# http::cleanup
#
# Garbage collect the state associated with a transaction
#
# Arguments
# token The token returned from http::geturl
#
# Side Effects
# unsets the state array
proc http::cleanup {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
if {[info exists state]} {
unset state
}
}
# http::Connect
#
# This callback is made when an asyncronous connection completes.
#
# Arguments
# token The token returned from http::geturl
#
# Side Effects
# Sets the status of the connection, which unblocks
# the waiting geturl call
proc http::Connect {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
global errorInfo errorCode
if {[eof $state(sock)] ||
[string length [fconfigure $state(sock) -error]]} {
Finish $token "connect failed [fconfigure $state(sock) -error]" 1
} else {
set state(status) connect
fileevent $state(sock) writable {}
}
return
}
# http::Write
#
# Write POST query data to the socket
#
# Arguments
# token The token for the connection
#
# Side Effects
# Write the socket and handle callbacks.
proc http::Write {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
set s $state(sock)
# Output a block. Tcl will buffer this if the socket blocks
set done 0
if {[catch {
# Catch I/O errors on dead sockets
if {[info exists state(-query)]} {
# Chop up large query strings so queryprogress callback
# can give smooth feedback
puts -nonewline $s \
[string range $state(-query) $state(queryoffset) \
[expr {$state(queryoffset) + $state(-queryblocksize) - 1}]]
incr state(queryoffset) $state(-queryblocksize)
if {$state(queryoffset) >= $state(querylength)} {
set state(queryoffset) $state(querylength)
set done 1
}
} else {
# Copy blocks from the query channel
set outStr [read $state(-querychannel) $state(-queryblocksize)]
puts -nonewline $s $outStr
incr state(queryoffset) [string length $outStr]
if {[eof $state(-querychannel)]} {
set done 1
}
}
} err]} {
# Do not call Finish here, but instead let the read half of
# the socket process whatever server reply there is to get.
set state(posterror) $err
set done 1
}
if {$done} {
catch {flush $s}
fileevent $s writable {}
fileevent $s readable [list http::Event $token]
}
# Callback to the client after we've completely handled everything
if {[string length $state(-queryprogress)]} {
eval $state(-queryprogress) [list $token $state(querylength)\
$state(queryoffset)]
}
}
# http::Event
#
# Handle input on the socket
#
# Arguments
# token The token returned from http::geturl
#
# Side Effects
# Read the socket and handle callbacks.
proc http::Event {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
set s $state(sock)
if {[eof $s]} {
Eof $token
return
}
if {[string equal $state(state) "header"]} {
if {[catch {gets $s line} n]} {
Finish $token $n
} elseif {$n == 0} {
variable encodings
set state(state) body
if {$state(-binary) || ![string match -nocase text* $state(type)]
|| [string match *gzip* $state(coding)]
|| [string match *compress* $state(coding)]} {
# Turn off conversions for non-text data
fconfigure $s -translation binary
if {[info exists state(-channel)]} {
fconfigure $state(-channel) -translation binary
}
} else {
# If we are getting text, set the incoming channel's
# encoding correctly. iso8859-1 is the RFC default, but
# this could be any IANA charset. However, we only know
# how to convert what we have encodings for.
set idx [lsearch -exact $encodings \
[string tolower $state(charset)]]
if {$idx >= 0} {
fconfigure $s -encoding [lindex $encodings $idx]
}
}
if {[info exists state(-channel)] && \
![info exists state(-handler)]} {
# Initiate a sequence of background fcopies
fileevent $s readable {}
CopyStart $s $token
}
} elseif {$n > 0} {
if {[regexp -nocase {^content-type:(.+)$} $line x type]} {
set state(type) [string trim $type]
# grab the optional charset information
regexp -nocase {charset\s*=\s*(\S+)} $type x state(charset)
}
if {[regexp -nocase {^content-length:(.+)$} $line x length]} {
set state(totalsize) [string trim $length]
}
if {[regexp -nocase {^content-encoding:(.+)$} $line x coding]} {
set state(coding) [string trim $coding]
}
if {[regexp -nocase {^([^:]+):(.+)$} $line x key value]} {
lappend state(meta) $key [string trim $value]
} elseif {[string match HTTP* $line]} {
set state(http) $line
}
}
} else {
if {[catch {
if {[info exists state(-handler)]} {
set n [eval $state(-handler) {$s $token}]
} else {
set block [read $s $state(-blocksize)]
set n [string length $block]
if {$n >= 0} {
append state(body) $block
}
}
if {$n >= 0} {
incr state(currentsize) $n
}
} err]} {
Finish $token $err
} else {
if {[info exists state(-progress)]} {
eval $state(-progress) \
{$token $state(totalsize) $state(currentsize)}
}
}
}
}
# http::CopyStart
#
# Error handling wrapper around fcopy
#
# Arguments
# s The socket to copy from
# token The token returned from http::geturl
#
# Side Effects
# This closes the connection upon error
proc http::CopyStart {s token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
if {[catch {
fcopy $s $state(-channel) -size $state(-blocksize) -command \
[list http::CopyDone $token]
} err]} {
Finish $token $err
}
}
# http::CopyDone
#
# fcopy completion callback
#
# Arguments
# token The token returned from http::geturl
# count The amount transfered
#
# Side Effects
# Invokes callbacks
proc http::CopyDone {token count {error {}}} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
set s $state(sock)
incr state(currentsize) $count
if {[info exists state(-progress)]} {
eval $state(-progress) {$token $state(totalsize) $state(currentsize)}
}
# At this point the token may have been reset
if {[string length $error]} {
Finish $token $error
} elseif {[catch {eof $s} iseof] || $iseof} {
Eof $token
} else {
CopyStart $s $token
}
}
# http::Eof
#
# Handle eof on the socket
#
# Arguments
# token The token returned from http::geturl
#
# Side Effects
# Clean up the socket
proc http::Eof {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
if {[string equal $state(state) "header"]} {
# Premature eof
set state(status) eof
} else {
set state(status) ok
}
set state(state) eof
Finish $token
}
# http::wait --
#
# See documentaion for details.
#
# Arguments:
# token Connection token.
#
# Results:
# The status after the wait.
proc http::wait {token} {
variable $token
upvar 0 $token state
if {![info exists state(status)] || [string length $state(status)] == 0} {
# We must wait on the original variable name, not the upvar alias
vwait $token\(status)
}
return $state(status)
}
# http::formatQuery --
#
# See documentaion for details.
# Call http::formatQuery with an even number of arguments, where
# the first is a name, the second is a value, the third is another
# name, and so on.
#
# Arguments:
# args A list of name-value pairs.
#
# Results:
# TODO
proc http::formatQuery {args} {
set result ""
set sep ""
foreach i $args {
append result $sep [mapReply $i]
if {[string equal $sep "="]} {
set sep &
} else {
set sep =
}
}
return $result
}
# http::mapReply --
#
# Do x-www-urlencoded character mapping
#
# Arguments:
# string The string the needs to be encoded
#
# Results:
# The encoded string
proc http::mapReply {string} {
variable http
variable formMap
variable alphanumeric
# The spec says: "non-alphanumeric characters are replaced by '%HH'"
# 1 leave alphanumerics characters alone
# 2 Convert every other character to an array lookup
# 3 Escape constructs that are "special" to the tcl parser
# 4 "subst" the result, doing all the array substitutions
if {$http(-urlencoding) ne ""} {
set string [encoding convertto $http(-urlencoding) $string]
}
regsub -all \[^$alphanumeric\] $string {$formMap(&)} string
regsub -all {[][{})\\]\)} $string {\\&} string
return [subst -nocommand $string]
}
# http::ProxyRequired --
# Default proxy filter.
#
# Arguments:
# host The destination host
#
# Results:
# The current proxy settings
proc http::ProxyRequired {host} {
variable http
if {[info exists http(-proxyhost)] && [string length $http(-proxyhost)]} {
if {![info exists http(-proxyport)] || \
![string length $http(-proxyport)]} {
set http(-proxyport) 8080
}
return [list $http(-proxyhost) $http(-proxyport)]
}
}
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